Morphology of tomato stems of tomato plants that are not as hard as an annual plant, but the trunk is quite strong, green, rectangular to round and smooth surface is overgrown with hair, especially on the stem is green. Tomato plant roots radiating side rooted to the ground. The leaves are oval, serrated, and have gaps that pinnate.
Terms Growing tomato plants is to have a soil pH of 5.5 - 6.5, height 0-1250 meters above sea level, and grows optimally at high altitude is> 750 meters above sea level. The ideal temperature is around 24 ° C - 28 ° C, with rainfall between 750-125 mm / year.
Tomatoes are technically Cultivation:
Preparation of Seeds
The seeds can be sown seedlings in place and can also be sown by using tissue on seedling tray which has been dampened by the way seeds spread.
Land Processing
Tillage can be done by hoeing or hijacked by making beds with a width of about 110 -120 cm, height 50-60 cm, while the distance between beds is 50-60 cm, then given basic fertilizer manure as much as 10-15 tonnes / ha and mixed with the soil, then using the beds covered with plastic mulch.
Planting
Planting is done by punching holes in the plastic mulch, then plant the seeds tanamantomat which have been aged about 4-6 weeks. Planting seeds of tomato plants is done with the heart - the heart so that the roots and leaves are damaged.
Maintenance
Tomato plant maintenance is performed by stitching, watering, weeding, watering, pruning, fertilizing, and pest and disease control.
Stitching is done on tomato plants that grow abnormally or die.
Watering is done by plugging a stake made of bamboo next to the tomato plants on his side out. Plant tied to a stake at the age of 3- 4 weeks.
Weeding is done in order to avoid the tomato crop from weeds that interfere with growth. While watering is done so that the soil is always moist and tomato plants can grow well.
Pruning is done with the aim to increase the yield of tomatoes pruning is done on branches and leaves the main branch so that each plant can produce tomatoes greater when compared to tomato plants are not trimmed.
Fertilization is done using biological fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Biological fertilizer used is MiG-6PLUS with a dose of 2 liters per hectare MiG-6PLUS given at 3 weeks on tomato plants. While chemical fertilizers given that ZA, TSP and KCl are given two times, namely at 7-10 days after planting and at the age of 35 days.
Control of pests and diseases that could be by way of technical culture, by means of physical, mechanical, biological and chemical means. Pests are often attacked tanamantomat namely caterpillar soil (), fruit worm (Helicoverpa armigera Hubn.), Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.), Armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.). While the disease often attacks the tomato plants are bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt, leaf roll virus.
Harvest and Post Harvest
Harvesting is done during the 3-month-old tomato plants after planting with a way to pick fruit crops that are not too ripe tomatoes so the tomatoes can be stored longer. Tomatoes have been harvested and then separated and marketed. While the tomato processing usually aim to preserve and maintain tomatoes product for cooking purposes in the absence of the harvest season, so as to improve the added value, and increase revenue.
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